CHAPTER-1: INDIA - SIZE AND LOCATION
LOCATION
· Lying in the Northern hemisphere.
· the main land extends between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E.
· The Tropic of Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into almost two equal parts.
· To southeast of the mainland lie the Andaman and Nicobar islands in Bay of Bengal
· To southwest of the mainland lies Lakshadweep islands and Arabian Sea.
SIZE
· The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 million square km which accounts for about 2.4 per cent of the total geographical area of the world
Area=3.28 & 2.4%
· India is 7th largest country
· Land boundary=15,200 km
· total length of the coastline of the mainland, including Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep, is 7,516.6 km
· bounded by the young fold mountains in the northwest, north and northeast
· South of about 22° north latitude, it begins to taper, and extends towards the Indian Ocean
· latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the mainland is about 30°
· From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh, there is a time lag of two hours. Hence, time along the Standard Meridian of India (82°30'E) passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar Pradesh) is taken as the standard time for the whole country
INDIA AND THE WORLD
· central location between the East and the West Asia.
· southward extension of the Asian continent. The trans Indian Ocean routes connects the countries of Europe in the West and the countries of East Asia,
· India has longest coastline on the Indian Ocean.
· Land & Ocean routes have contributed in the exchange of ideas such as Upanishads and the Ramayana, and commodities like spices, muslin with the world.
· Greek sculpture, and the architectural styles of dome and minarets from West Asia were taken by india.
INDIA’S NEIGHBOURS
India has 28 states and 8 Union Territories(as per 26 jan 2020 update)
India shares its land boundaries with:-
· Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest
· China (Tibet), Nepal and Bhutan in the north
· Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east.
Our southern neighbours across the sea consist of the two island countries, namely Sri Lanka and Maldives.
· Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar.
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